In an article recently published in the Journal ACS Applied Energy MaterialsResearchers discuss the synergistic effect of antisolvent additive spray treatment and additive doping on the enhanced photovoltaic characteristics of spray-coated Perovskite solar cells.
Study: Synergistic effect on enhanced photovoltaic performance of spray-coated Perovskite solar cells Activated by additive doping and antisolvent additive spray treatment. Image credit: BELL KA PANG / Shutterstock.com
Background
The crystalline semiconductor known as the organic-inorganic hybrid Perovskit has sparked much interest as a potential solar cell building material. The researchers focus on developing efficient manufacturing procedures for intensive production under environmental conditions to make the Perovskite suitable for wide-ranging use.
The spray technique was actively used to deposit active layers in Perovskite solar cells, allowing for high-scale production. To improve the photovoltaic performance and stability of the perovskite, load recombination, thin film morphologies and defect densities must all be controlled. Additive engineering can effectively change the film generation, Perovskite crystal growth and Perovskite defect passivation.
Antisolvent drops can be used to introduce non-fuller organic semiconductors with functional cyano- and carbonyl groups into Perovskite films to decorate core boundaries in bulk film and passivate the trap states, resulting in improved stability and photovoltaic performance of the Perovskite apparatus results. The spray-coated Perovskite layer, which passivates defects and improves performance, is created by combining these two additive engineering processes.
About the study
In this study, the authors used the anti-solvent spray treatment of methylammonium acetate (MAAc) additive doping in a Perovskite precursor solution and a mixed non-fuller molecule half-feed additive (DCDTT) in chlorobenzene for the preparation of an ultraviolet spray. examined. film. By additive technique, this spray coating approach was used to create densely packed crystals and passivate the defect states found around the surface grain boundaries.
The team illustrates the addition of MAAc to Perovskite films, along with antisolvent DCDTT treatment, to improve crystallinity and minimize trap states and grain boundaries. These findings suggest that additives for a scalable spray approach to produce Perovskite films have a passivating impact.
The researchers describe the incorporation of a MAAc additive into the Perovskite precursor solution in a non-fullerene fused ring Dicyclopentadithienothiophene-derived small molecule DCDTT as an additive in the anti-solvent step for the ambient preparation of a Perovskite film using by an ultrasonic spray coating method.
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The additives were used to increase the crystallinity, make the charge transport more efficient, reduce the defect density and recombine the charge. At the beginning of the spray coating process, MAAc was added to the precursor solution to create the methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI)3) perovskite. Second, during post-spray treatment, the semiconducting DCDTT small molecule was introduced into the antisolvent steps.
The authors used Vilsmeier-Haack conditions to treat the fused thiophene nucleus with POCl3 for the production of an intermediate aldehyde. Bone nail condensation of the resulting aldehyde with 2- (5,6-dichloro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene) malononitrile gave DCDTT. The chemical characteristics of the target DCDTT and its corresponding interval were studied using 131 H NMR, 11 H NMR and Mass spectroscopy. Surface morphologies and device performance were investigated in relation to organic ammonium non-halide salts such as MAAc-containing precursors. Top-view scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the surface topographies of the MAAc-doped and control MAPbI3 perovskite Movies.
Observations
The equivalent inverted Perovskite solar cell had a significantly higher energy conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.18% than the control device, which had a PCE of 10.04%. After seven days in ambient conditions, the synergistically additive-modified Perovskite devices retain 85% of their initial PCE.
After exposure to 30-40% relative humidity at ambient temperature for seven days, the inverted structured Perovskite solar cell treated with MAAc and DCDTT additives obtains a significantly better power conversion efficiency (PCE) than the control device and loses 15% PCE. The proposed device’s purchased PCE was found to be one of the highest among spray coated MAPbI3-based planar perovskite solar cells.
Additions increase the MAPbI movie quality3 Perovskite by forming an MAAc-based interval and a DCDTT coordination interaction with Pb2+. The optimized device had a PCE of 17.18% while MAAc and DCDTT of 2 mg ml-1 Concentrations were used in chlorobenzene. Moreover, after seven days of storage and ambient settings, the environmental stability of the unsealed optimized device remained at 85% of its original PCE. The proposed two-step additive-treated technique has increased device performance in inverted planar Perovskite solar cells. These two methods worked together to create a homogeneous Perovsky layer with larger core size, increased crystallinity and defect passivation.
Conclusions
In conclusion, this study elucidated the importance of synergistic additive effect by previous stoichiometry and anti-solvent treatment on Perovskite film spray deposition to develop an efficient and stable solar system.
The authors observe that the combined actions of the two compounds had a positive impact on the photovoltaic performance and stability of Perovskite solar cells. They also believe that if you adopt a scalable spray coating manufacturing method, this work can be used as a reference for additive technology to produce high PCE and stability.
Quell
Chen TW, Afraj SN, Hong SH, et al. Synergistic effect on enhanced photovoltaic performance of spray-coated Perovskite solar cells Activated by additive doping and antisolvent additive spray treatment. ACS Applied Energy Materials (2022). https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsaem.1c03485
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